How Do You Interpret Suffering? (Job 5:8-27)

“Job,” by French painter Léon Bonnat, 1880

“But if I were you, I would appeal to God;
    I would lay my cause before him.
He performs wonders that cannot be fathomed,
    miracles that cannot be counted.
He provides rain for the earth;
    he sends water on the countryside.
The lowly he sets on high,
    and those who mourn are lifted to safety.
He thwarts the plans of the crafty,
    so that their hands achieve no success.
He catches the wise in their craftiness,
    and the schemes of the wily are swept away.
Darkness comes upon them in the daytime;
    at noon they grope as in the night.
He saves the needy from the sword in their mouth;
    he saves them from the clutches of the powerful.
So the poor have hope,
    and injustice shuts its mouth.

“Blessed is the one whom God corrects;
    so do not despise the discipline of the Almighty.
For he wounds, but he also binds up;
    he injures, but his hands also heal.
From six calamities he will rescue you;
    in seven no harm will touch you.
In famine he will deliver you from death,
    and in battle from the stroke of the sword.
You will be protected from the lash of the tongue,
    and need not fear when destruction comes.
You will laugh at destruction and famine,
    and need not fear the wild animals.
For you will have a covenant with the stones of the field,
    and the wild animals will be at peace with you.
You will know that your tent is secure;
    you will take stock of your property and find nothing missing.
You will know that your children will be many,
    and your descendants like the grass of the earth.
You will come to the grave in full vigor,
    like sheaves gathered in season.

“We have examined this, and it is true.
    So hear it and apply it to yourself.” (New International Version)

“The Vision of Eliphaz,” by John Linnell (1792-1882)

I personally find it rather annoying whenever someone gives me unsolicited advice. It is especially loathsome when it comes with a lot of useless verbiage which is offered as gospel truth.

Eliphaz was a “friend” of Job – which brings to mind the old adage, “With a friend like that, you don’t need any enemies!” Eliphaz was also full of himself, believing that he had all the answers to Job’s terrible suffering.

The unhelpful speech of Eliphaz became harmful words that cut into Job’s spirit. You see, Job knew with a settled confidence that his personal integrity was intact. Yet, his trouble abounded. We need not, like Eliphaz, rush to the conclusion that something is wrong with the suffering person. It may be the Spirit of God thrusting us into a desert experience to test and approve our faith.

Eliphaz offered one of those tired age-old arguments that bad things only happen to bad people. He came at Job with the inexperience and absurdity of making misguided assumptions. He rhetorically asked if there were ever innocent people who were trashed with trouble, or upright folks who ever got cut off from God? 

The concluding judgment of Eliphaz was bound to be off the mark – believing that some sort of secret sin must surely be the culprit behind Job’s awful misfortune. Certainly, Eliphaz thinks, Job cannot possibly go through such terrible suffering without having done something to anger God.

Times change, but the basic nature of people, not so much. In today’s church and world, the same notions still endure. If I had a quarter for every time I heard crazy comments, like the following, I would be a rich man: 

  • “He’s poor because he is lazy and doesn’t want to work.”
  • “She keeps having chronic health issues. God is punishing her.”
  • “The pandemic is God’s judgment on us for not having the Ten Commandments in our courthouses.”
  • “If you just confess your sin and have faith, you’ll be healed.”
  • “They’re in big trouble. They obviously did something evil.”

On and on the wrong-headed statements continue, ad nauseum.

The Apostle Peter understood how to view trouble in a healthy way. He said we all suffer – both the good person and the wicked. It’s just a matter of whether we will suffer for doing the good and right thing, or suffer because of saying shallow, illogical, and stupid comments that offend God and hurt others. (1 Peter 3:17-18)

Even Christ suffered. And it wasn’t because of his own sin. It was because of ours. Jesus suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God. 

Since Jesus suffered, the follower of Jesus will suffer. There is a big picture only God sees. Whenever we suffer, there is something going on behind the spiritual scene. We must allow God to do divine work, and then, trust that the Lord bends all human suffering for good and redemptive purposes.

“Where there is no love, pour love in, and you will draw love out.”

St. John of the Cross

So, let’s change the rhetoric. Instead of jumping to judgment, reflexively hop to grace with comments like these:

  • “He has poverty of spirit. He’s blessed and will inherit the kingdom of God.”
  • “She’s in chronic pain. God has allowed her the privilege of suffering in solidarity with her Lord.”
  • “We’re in a pandemic. Here’s a chance for us to live out the Ten Commandments.”
  • “If we confess the world’s sins of pride, hate, and injustice, perhaps God’s mercy will deliver us.”
  • “We’re in a big pickle. No better time than now to grow in grace.”

Where is God? Beside you, quietly and confidently holding you up in your suffering. For me, that’s one of the best ways to interpret hard suffering.

Lord God, I entrust myself to you because you know what you are doing. Thank you for the trials of life which humbles my heart to pray. Do your work in me so that my faith is fortified for a lifetime of service in the church and the world, through Jesus Christ, my Lord. Amen.

A Divine Appointment (2 Kings 8:1-6)

The prophet Elisha and the Shunammite woman, by Pieter Lastman, 1620

Elisha spoke to the woman whose son he had brought back to life: “You and your household must go away and live wherever you can, because the Lord has called for a famine. It is coming to the land and will last seven years.”

So the woman went and did what the man of God asked. She and her household moved away, living in Philistia seven years. When seven years had passed, the woman returned from Philistia. She went to appeal to the king for her house and her farmland. The king was speaking to Gehazi, the man of God’s servant, asking him, “Tell me about all the great things Elisha has done.” So Gehazi was telling the king how Elisha had brought the dead to life. At that very moment, the woman whose son he had brought back to life began to appeal to the king for her house and her farmland.

Gehazi said, “Your Majesty, this is the woman herself! And this is her son, the one Elisha brought to life!”

The king questioned the woman, and she told him her story. Then the king appointed an official to help her, saying, “Return everything that belongs to her, as well as everything that the farmland has produced, starting from the day she left the country until right now.” (Common English Bible)

People of faith typically don’t see divine appointments coming at all; they often show up in the middle of hard mundane days.

The prophecies and actions of the prophet Elisha are covered in the book of 2 Kings with a series of ten incredible narratives (chapters 2-9). Each of them are designed to demonstrate the power of God over (and sometimes against) the power of the king.

This was important because the royal decisions and actions of most of the Israelite kings were quite disconnected from God’s law and justice. Most kings did whatever they wanted, sometimes to the point of completely leading the people away from the worship of Yahweh and toward the worship of other gods.

Today’s Old Testament lesson concerns the ninth story in this series of narratives. A widow, whose son Elisha had restored to life in the second narrative (2 Kings 4:8-37) left for the land of the Philistines when there was a severe famine. Although the woman was simply listening to the prophet and doing what he said, squatters took advantage of the situation and took over her house and property while she was away.

In a clear demonstration of what a “divine appointment” looks like in Holy Scripture, Elisha’s servant and the king were talking together about this very woman and the miracle that took place with her son. The prophet had essentially raised her dead child to life. Then, lo and behold, the woman walked into the conversation to appeal the injustice that had happened to her and her family.

Even the worst of kings would discern the right thing to do in such a situation. After questioning the woman, the king ensured that she would get everything restored to her. Through it all, we are meant to see the power and sovereignty of God over the human authority of political kings.

I hope that you, at some point in your life, have experienced a meeting with another person that you can see was unmistakably arranged by God. And a great need you had was met because of this encounter. The Lord blessed you through it in a way that you didn’t see coming at all.

The fact of the matter is that God is sovereign, all-knowing, and all-powerful, along with being infinitely gracious, good, just, right, and loving. Therefore, God sets about to bless both us and other people. And when God determines to do something, nothing and no one in heaven or on earth can stop it.

Wherever you presently are, and whatever it is you are doing now in your life, is really no accident. And if your life situation is awful and far from any sort of idyllic scene of blessing, then please know that this is a circumstance that is ripe for a divine appointment.

For how could we ever know God as the Great Deliverer unless we were between a rock and a hard place with nowhere to turn? How could we ever experience God as the Divine Healer unless we were broken and/or brokenhearted?

How could we ever realize God as Provider unless we were out of resources and down to our last penny? Or God as Helper unless we were desperate and unable to move? Or God as the One who restores unless we had lost everything?

Just as there cannot be resurrection and new life without a crucifixion and an old life, so our lives will inevitably take a trajectory of suffering and hardship before glory and blessing. In order to allow the good to completely fill us, we must be totally emptied of everything else.

Maybe you will never experience something quite as dramatic as the woman did with gaining her son back to life, and her property restored after a terrible famine, but know this: The great Lord and God of all, the Sovereign of the universe, has your back through all that you’re going through on this earth.

I often get asked by patients and parishioners alike, “Where is God?” It feels to them that God is absent, silent, and far from understanding what they’re going through in the midst of their very challenging adversity.

Really, however, it’s actually an easy question for me to answer: Jesus is our Immanuel, God with us. The Spirit of God is right beside you, walking with you, even holding you up at times, through all the crud and crap of this old fallen sinful world of ours. Seeing only one set of footsteps in the sand, it turns out God is the One that carries the weak and weary in their trouble. The Lord is anything but absent.

If God has authority over earthly rulers, then the Lord most certainly has power to handle your life.

O God, why have you abandoned me? Though you have hidden your face from me, still from this dread and empty place, I cry to you, who have promised me that underneath are your everlasting arms. God, you are my help and comfort; you shelter and surround me in love so tender that I may know your presence with me, now and always. Amen.

A View of Suffering (Job 36:1-23)

“The Wrath of Elihu,” by William Blake (1757-1827)

Elihu continued:

“Bear with me a little longer and I will show you
    that there is more to be said in God’s behalf.
I get my knowledge from afar;
    I will ascribe justice to my Maker.
Be assured that my words are not false;
    one who has perfect knowledge is with you.

“God is mighty, but despises no one;
    he is mighty, and firm in his purpose.
He does not keep the wicked alive
    but gives the afflicted their rights.
He does not take his eyes off the righteous;
    he enthrones them with kings
    and exalts them forever.
But if people are bound in chains,
    held fast by cords of affliction,
he tells them what they have done—
    that they have sinned arrogantly.
He makes them listen to correction
    and commands them to repent of their evil.
If they obey and serve him,
    they will spend the rest of their days in prosperity
    and their years in contentment.
But if they do not listen,
    they will perish by the sword

    and die without knowledge.

“The godless in heart harbor resentment;
    even when he fetters them, they do not cry for help.
They die in their youth,
    among male prostitutes of the shrines.
But those who suffer he delivers in their suffering;
    he speaks to them in their affliction.

“He is wooing you from the jaws of distress
    to a spacious place free from restriction,
    to the comfort of your table laden with choice food.
But now you are laden with the judgment due the wicked;
    judgment and justice have taken hold of you.
Be careful that no one entices you by riches;
    do not let a large bribe turn you aside.
Would your wealth or even all your mighty efforts
    sustain you so you would not be in distress?
Do not long for the night,
    to drag people away from their homes.
Beware of turning to evil,
    which you seem to prefer to affliction.

“God is exalted in his power.
    Who is a teacher like him?
Who has prescribed his ways for him,
    or said to him, ‘You have done wrong’? (New International Version)

Job’s “friends” scorn him, painting by William Blake

I’m just going to go ahead and say it: Elihu was a jerk. His worldview wasn’t big enough to accommodate for Job’s awful suffering as anything but a chastisement from God.

Elihu embodied the proud person, full of himself, believing that he knows how the world works. But, in reality, he knows jack squat. The best thing Elihu did in the book of Job was to keep his mouth shut. The silence was actually helpful.

After Job lost everything and everyone dear to him (except his wife) he was understandably in tremendous grief. His lament needed to be heard – not responded to with the rebuttal of an ignoramus. Unfortunately, Elihu didn’t keep his mouth closed. He seems like a mere windbag, speaking a lot of words and saying nothing.

To be fair, Elihu gets a lot of information right; it’s just that his reasoning is narrow and misguided. He rightly affirms that God has incomparable power, and is the One who is able to punish the wicked and grant justice to the oppressed.

Yet, Elihu assumes – in his apparent black-and-white world – that anyone afflicted with such terrible events as Job is under the correction of God. The Lord is disciplining the person and teaching them a lesson about the error of their ways, he reasons.

That sort of logic betrays a very contractual sort of relationship with God – as if the Lord is only the high and transcendent plantation boss who singularly serves to maintain discipline and fealty amongst the ranks of inferiors. Elihu ignored the immanence of God in coming close to the brokenhearted and providing release for those in captivity.

In such a bifurcated world of a high God and low humanity, there are really only two choices whenever someone is in a situation like Job: either turn from your erroneous ways and serve God; or don’t, and die under the punishment of God.

But the book of Job challenges us on that kind of thinking and belief. The hard circumstances of people cannot neatly be categorized into the need for repentance – nor can a life of ease and wealth be considered a mark of divine favor.

Elihu was leaning toward viewing Job as a rebellious man who needed to admit his sin and submit to God. Yet, Job (and God!) knew better than this. And that is perhaps one of the most difficult aspects of horrible human suffering – that the sufferer must contend with persons who look at them askance as if they have done some egregious sin which offended God.

We know, as readers of the biblical book, that there was no wickedness or sin involved in Job’s suffering. Instead, there were unseen forces behind the scenes causing that suffering. In fact, just the opposite was at work: Job was suffering because of his incredible righteousness, and not by any wrongdoing on his part.

Most situations are complex and defy simple explanations or solutions. It is foolish to make assumptions based upon circumstantial evidence. Wanting quick and easy answers to the problems we face as humans is the path of simpletons.

In contrast to nice and neat mental categories, there are loving believers who are devoted to faith and patience, knowing that there can be more going on than what it seems on the surface. Listening and understanding is the path to wisdom, whereas entrenched opinions – offered as certainty of belief – is a way of dying in ignorance.

“Life’s but a walking shadow; a poor player, that struts and frets his hour upon the stage, and then is heard no more: it is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing.”

William Shakespeare, Macbeth

If we keep a focus on being helpful to the other, then we are less likely to offer unhelpful, even harmful, words. Knowing that life is much bigger than we can realize, is one good step toward that end.

O Lord our heavenly Father, whose blessed Son came not to be served, but to serve: We ask you to bless all who, following in his steps, give themselves to the service of others; endue them with wisdom, patience, and courage, that they may strengthen the weak and raise up those who fall, and, being inspired by your love, may worthily minister to the suffering, the friendless, and the needy, for the sake of him who laid down his life for us, your Son our Savior Jesus Christ. Amen.

God Is Bigger (Psalm 46)

God is our refuge and strength,
    a very present help in trouble.
Therefore we will not fear, though the earth should change,
    though the mountains shake in the heart of the sea,
though its waters roar and foam,
    though the mountains tremble with its tumult.

There is a river whose streams make glad the city of God,
    the holy habitation of the Most High.
God is in the midst of the city; it shall not be moved;
    God will help it when the morning dawns.
The nations are in an uproar; the kingdoms totter;
    he utters his voice; the earth melts.
The Lord of hosts is with us;
    the God of Jacob is our refuge.

Come, behold the works of the Lord;
    see what desolations he has brought on the earth.
He makes wars cease to the end of the earth;
    he breaks the bow and shatters the spear;
    he burns the shields with fire.
“Be still, and know that I am God!
    I am exalted among the nations;
    I am exalted in the earth.”
The Lord of hosts is with us;
    the God of Jacob is our refuge. (New Revised Standard Version)

Fear is one of those things that we don’t get over simply by telling ourselves to not be afraid. In fact, that approach typically makes us even more fearful – namely, because we focus on the fear itself. But to cope and deal with fear, it requires a focus on something bigger than the fear.

God is bigger than the boogie man.
He’s bigger than Godzilla,
or the monsters on TV.
Oh, God is bigger than the boogie man.
And He’s watching out for you and me.

So, when I’m lying in my bed,
and the furniture starts creeping,
I’ll just laugh and say,
“Hey, cut that out!”
And get back to my sleeping.
‘Cause I know that God’s the biggest,
and He’s watching all the while.
So, when I get scared I’ll think of Him,
and close my eyes and smile.

God is bigger than the boogie man.
He’s bigger than Godzilla,
or the monsters on TV.
Oh, God is bigger than the boogie man.
And He’s watching out for you and me. – VeggieTales

Psalms and songs of trust in God help us focus on divine hugeness instead of human puniness.

Changing Circumstances

Even though people may find themselves in the dire straits of natural disasters, they can have confidence smack in the middle of all the crazy chaos. Whereas those who focus on their fear become ever more anxious and feel as if the world is out of control, the believer isn’t threatened when overwhelming circumstances occur.

We will not fear, because God – who created the world and its vast natural systems – stands above it all and is therefore able to establish order out of chaos. Just as we are certain that the sun will again rise in the morning, so too, we have full confidence that God shall rise over the darkness and bring light and warmth to all that is shadowy and cold.

Shaky Politics

The nations and their governments who rule with injustice and care nothing for religion, breathe-out their threats and posture themselves as supreme leaders. They, too, are chaotic forces. But God is far above them, as well as above the flood and the famine. The leader’s bellicose blustering sounds merely like a chattering chipmunk to God.

And like natural disasters, the uproar of the nations does damage; but national leaders cannot topple God. Instead, God will shake up the unjust nations, like a protein shake in a blender. When delusional leaders encounter the voice of God, they cower in fear – but God’s people don’t. The spiritual person’s foundation will not be shaken, whereas the would-be dictator will find himself without anyone to lead.

A Working God

God is always working, albeit most of the time behind the scenes. God’s dominion extends over everything and everyone. God can obliterate any and all threats because God is everywhere present.

Based on this view of God, all we as people need do is be still and know that the Lord is God. Like Jesus rebuking the waves and the sea, resulting in immediate stillness, so God’s word brings us stillness, calmness, and freedom from fear and anxiety.

God is with us. God is in control. God cares for us. There are a lot of things we don’t know – such as why we have to personally endure the natural disasters and the unnatural dictators – but we can know without a shadow of a doubt that the presence of God surrounds us, and the love of God squeezes us.

With a transcendent Being who commands the angelic hosts of heaven, our source of security comes not from within but from without. The Lord is a trustworthy God who is vigilant in watching over us.

Trusting the Lord

Armies, security systems, and protective coverings all have their needed purpose in human life. Yet, when we look to our ultimate protection – the kind that provides security of both body and soul – it is God’s presence that sustains our highest and greatest needs.

Perhaps you understand the psalm’s message, yet still find it difficult or untenable to place faith in such an ancient writing and an even older God. Maybe you much prefer to trust in something that isn’t so ethereal, something you can engage with your five senses.

It could be that you prefer a strong political leader, more and bigger weapons, higher and thicker walls of protection. You work hard to have as much money as possible to keep you safe from harm. You seek to gain as much influence in the form of earthly power and authority as you can.

The problem is, however, that none of this earthly posturing is going to protect you from what you fear the most. All that work is going to prove unreliable in the end.

God is the only sure defense. Ultimate power belongs to the Lord God almighty, creator of heaven and earth. Deliverance of body and soul does not ultimately come through the strength of the military, the economy, or any human ingenuity or hard work; for the Christian, it comes through the suffering, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Any inclination to place saving trust in personal resources, human institutions, or world might, will result in sure failure. They cannot remedy our fear, for nothing is able to match the power of God. Indeed, God is bigger than anyone and anything. We need the mighty fortress which is our God.

A mighty Fortress is our God
A Bulwark never failing
Our Helper He amid the flood
Of mortal ills prevailing

For still our ancient foe
Doth seek to work us woe
His craft and power are great
And armed with cruel and hate
On earth is not his equal

Did we in our own strength confide
Our striving would be losing
We’re not the right Man on our side
The Man of God’s own choosing
Dost ask who that may be?
Christ Jesus, it is He
Lord Sabaoth His Name
From age to age, the same
And He must win the battle

That word above all earthly powers
No, thanks to them, abideth
The Spirit and the gifts are ours
Through Him who with us sideth
Let goods and kindred go
This mortal life also
The body they may kill
God’s truth abideth still
His Kingdom is forever

Amen